alleryStart learning →What are endothelins, and what do they do in diabetic kidney disease?
AWeak dilators that raise GFR in healthy adults
BStrong dilators that lower sodium retention
CWeak constrictors made only by the lung tissue
DStrong constrictors, chronically raised, retaining sodium
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. Strong constrictors, chronically raised, retaining sodium
1. Endothelins are 21 amino acid peptides and extremely powerful vasoconstrictors.
2. They come from endothelial cells of the renal vessels, from mesangial cells and from distal tubule cells.
3. In healthy people they do not usually influence blood pressure.
4. In diabetic kidney disease they are chronically elevated and cause sodium retention.
5. They also lower the filtration rate by damaging podocytes and constricting both the afferent and efferent arterioles.
_Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 25 "The Urinary System", section 25.8 Endocrine Regulation of Kidney Function_
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