Internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on:
AIts volume
BIts temperature
CIts pressure
DIts density
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. Its temperature
1. For an ideal gas, molecules are point particles with no inter-molecular PE.
2. Internal energy is purely the kinetic energy of random thermal motion.
3. From kinetic theory, average KE per molecule = (f/2) k_B T, function of T only.
4. Hence U = U(T) for an ideal gas — independent of P and V.
_Source: NCERT Class 11 Physics Ch 11, §11.5 + Ch 12 Kinetic Theory_
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