'NATURAL LAW' tradition includes:

Question

Accepted Answer

B.

1. NATURAL LAW tradition is one of the oldest and most influential in jurisprudence.
2. PHASES:
3. (i) ANCIENT — Aristotle's 'natural justice'; Stoic universal natural law; Cicero;
4. (ii) MEDIEVAL CHRISTIAN — St. Thomas Aquinas, 'Summa Theologiae' I-II, qq. 90-97; FOURFOLD HIERARCHY:
5. (a) ETERNAL LAW (God's reason);
6. (b) NATURAL LAW (participation of rational creature in eternal law);
7. (c) DIVINE LAW (revealed scripture);
8. (d) HUMAN LAW (positive law made by humans);
9. (iii) Aquinas: 'an unjust law is no law at all' (lex injusta non est lex);
10. (iv) EARLY MODERN — Hugo Grotius (secularised natural law); John Locke (natural rights); Samuel Pufendorf;
11. (v) 20th CENTURY REVIVAL — Jacques Maritain ('Person and the Common Good' 1947); Lon Fuller ('The Morality of Law' 1964); John Finnis ('Natural Law and Natural Rights' 1980) — the seven basic goods; Robert George.
12. INFLUENCE: human rights, constitutional theory, IHL.
13. Hence option B is correct.
_Source: Legal Research Methodology + Jurisprudence — Natural Law tradition; Aquinas, Summa Theologiae; John Finnis, 'Natural Law and Natural Rights' (1980)_