'NON-DOCTRINAL LEGAL RESEARCH' (socio-legal or empirical research) differs from doctrinal research by:
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B.
1. NON-DOCTRINAL LEGAL RESEARCH (also called 'socio-legal' or 'empirical legal research') applies SOCIAL SCIENCE METHODS to legal phenomena.
2. Methods include: SURVEYS, INTERVIEWS, FOCUS GROUPS, OBSERVATIONS, ETHNOGRAPHY, CONTENT ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, ECONOMETRICS.
3. Asks questions like: 'What is the law's social impact?', 'Who is affected?', 'How is the law actually enforced?', 'What is the gap between law on the books and law in action?'
4. S.N. Jain in 'Doctrinal and Non-Doctrinal Legal Research' (1975) was an early Indian writer on this distinction.
5. R. Pound's notion of 'law in action' versus 'law in books' (1910) is foundational.
6. Hence option B is correct.
_Source: Legal Research Methodology + Jurisprudence — S.N. Jain, 'Doctrinal and Non-Doctrinal Legal Research' (1975)_
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