Section 6 IEA enacts the doctrine of:
Astare decisis — earlier court decisions bind later courts in similar matters
Bres judicata — a final judgment on the merits bars relitigation of the issue between same parties
Cres ipsa loquitur — a tort doctrine on inference of negligence from circumstances
Dres gestae — facts forming part of the same transaction as a fact in issue or relevant fact
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. res gestae — facts forming part of the same transaction as a fact in issue or relevant fact
1. Section 6 IEA: 'Facts which, though not in issue, are so connected with a fact in issue as to form part of the same transaction, are relevant, whether they occurred at the same time and place or at different times and places.'
2. This is the codification of the RES GESTAE doctrine — facts forming part of the same transaction.
3. Illustration: a robbery + immediate scream of victim + bystander statement made on the spot are all res gestae.
4. The doctrine is widely interpreted (Sukhar v. State of U.P., (1999) 9 SCC 507).
5. Hence option A is correct.
_Source: Indian Penal Code 1860 / Code of Criminal Procedure 1973 / Indian Evidence Act 1872 (Bare Acts, indiacode.nic.in) — Indian Evidence Act, Section 6_
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