Under Section 190 CrPC, a Magistrate of the first class may take cognizance of any offence:
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A.
1. Section 190(1) CrPC: 'Any Magistrate of the first class, and any Magistrate of the second class specially empowered in this behalf under sub-section (2), may take cognizance of any offence — (a) upon receiving a complaint of facts which constitute such offence; (b) upon a police report of such facts; (c) upon information received from any person other than a police officer, or upon his own knowledge, that such offence has been committed.'
2. Three modes of cognizance: (a) on complaint; (b) on police report; (c) on own knowledge/information.
3. Cognizance is the application of judicial mind to the alleged commission of an offence — not mere receipt of papers.
4. R. R. Chari v. State of U.P., AIR 1951 SC 207 explained the concept.
5. Hence option B is correct.
_Source: Indian Penal Code 1860 / Code of Criminal Procedure 1973 / Indian Evidence Act 1872 (Bare Acts, indiacode.nic.in) — CrPC, Section 190_
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