Section 463 IPC defines 'forgery'. Which is NOT an essential ingredient?
AMaking a false document, electronic record, or part of a document or electronic record
BDoing so with intent to cause damage or injury, to support any claim, or to commit fraud
CDoing so with intent that the false document/record will be used for one of the stated fraudulent purposes
DThe document so created must be addressed to a Government department for any benefit
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. The document so created must be addressed to a Government department for any benefit
1. Section 463 IPC: 'Whoever makes any false document or false electronic record or part of a document or electronic record, with intent to cause damage or injury to the public or to any person, or to support any claim or title, or to cause any person to part with property, or to enter into any express or implied contract, or with intent to commit fraud or that fraud may be committed, commits forgery.'
2. Ingredients: (i) making a false document/record (defined in Section 464); (ii) with one of the enumerated fraudulent intents.
3. The document does NOT need to be addressed to any government department.
4. Punishment under Section 465: up to 2 years and/or fine; aggravated forgeries under Sections 466-477A (court records, valuable security, etc.) carry higher penalties.
5. Hence option D is NOT an essential ingredient.
_Source: Indian Penal Code 1860 / Code of Criminal Procedure 1973 / Indian Evidence Act 1872 (Bare Acts, indiacode.nic.in) — IPC, Section 463 (read with Section 464 — making a false document)_
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