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Which Gestalt principle explains why a set of dots arranged in rows appears as rows of dots rather than columns?
AThe principle of similarity
BThe principle of proximity
CThe principle of closure
DThe principle of smallness
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. The principle of proximity
1. The chapter explains that objects close together in space or time are perceived as a group.
2. It illustrates this with Fig. 4.4 in which the same dots look like rows because of horizontal nearness.
3. This grouping by spatial nearness is named the principle of proximity.
4. Similarity, closure and smallness apply to other relationships not pure nearness.
5. Hence the relevant principle is proximity.
_Source: NCERT Class 11 Psychology Ch 4 "Sensory, Attentional and Perceptual Processes", p. 70, Principles of Perceptual Organisation_
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