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The German system uses Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) representation. This combines:
Ablock voting
BSTV and FPTP
Csimple majority and run-off
DFPTP and PR list seats
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. FPTP and PR list seats
1. Voters cast two ballots: constituency + party list.
2. Constituency seats won by FPTP; list seats balance proportionality.
3. Adopted in Germany since 1949.
__Source: NCERT Class 12 Contemporary World Politics — electoral systems__