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As the height of a satellite's orbit above the earth's surface increases, how does its critical (orbital) velocity change?
AIt first increases, then becomes zero
BIt increases
CIt stays exactly the same
DIt decreases
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. It decreases
1. The critical velocity is given by $v_c = \sqrt{\dfrac{GM}{R+h}}$.
2. As the height $h$ increases, the orbital radius $R+h$ increases.
3. Since $R+h$ is in the denominator under the square root, a larger value makes $v_c$ smaller.
4. Therefore the critical velocity decreases as orbit height increases.
_Source: Balbharati (Maharashtra Board) Class 10 Science & Technology, Ch 10 "Space Missions", p.147_
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