For a current loop placed in a uniform field, the orientation of stable equilibrium is the one where:

1. The torque is $\boldsymbol{\tau} = \mathbf{m}\times\mathbf{B}$ with $\mathbf{m} = I\mathbf{A}$, vanishing when m is parallel or antiparallel to B. 2. Parallel alignment is stable: a small rotation produces a restoring torque. 3. Antiparallel alignment is unstable: a small rotation produces a torque that grows. 4. In the stable orientation the flux of the total field is maximum, so A ∥ B. _Source: NCERT Class 12 Physics Ch 4 "Moving Charges and Magnetism", p.157_