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The theory that **life originated from non-living matter through gradual chemical evolution** was proposed independently by:

ADarwin and Wallace
BOparin (1924) and Haldane (1929)
CLamarck and Weismann
DWatson and Crick
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. Oparin (1924) and Haldane (1929)
Russian biochemist A.I. Oparin (1924) and British biologist J.B.S. Haldane (1929) independently proposed that organic molecules formed in a primitive reducing atmosphere — the chemical-evolution / 'primordial soup' theory.
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