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A substitution of a single base pair in the DNA that alters a single amino acid in the resulting protein is classified as:
AFrameshift mutation
BPoint mutation
CDeletion mutation
DChromosomal aberration
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. Point mutation
A point mutation changes one base pair. Sickle-cell anaemia, where GAG becomes GUG and codes valine instead of glutamic acid, is the classical NCERT example. Frameshift mutations involve insertions or deletions, not single substitutions.
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