alleryStart learning →ARIES recovery is structured as exactly
Atwo passes: forward redo, then backward undo
Bthree passes: Analysis, Redo, Undo (in that order)
Cfour passes including a final consistency check
Da single pass that does both redo and undo concurrently
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. three passes: Analysis, Redo, Undo (in that order)
ARIES is famously a three-pass algorithm: Analysis (figure out active transactions and dirty pages from the last checkpoint), Redo (re-apply all logged updates from the earliest dirty page), Undo (roll back transactions that were incomplete at crash).
The three-pass structure is what makes ARIES tractable and crash-safe.
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