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Per the kitchen-brigade analogy, the relational model's three pillars are

Aselect, project, join
Bschemas, tables, indexes
Cbuffer pool, log, lock manager
Dstructure, integrity, manipulation
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. structure, integrity, manipulation
CMU's Lecture 01 names exactly these three: structure (what relations exist and their attributes), integrity (rules the data must satisfy), manipulation (how to read and modify). The other options are real DBMS concepts but not the model's defining pillars.
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