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For a carbonyl compound to undergo **aldol condensation**, it must have

Aa tertiary carbon $\alpha$ to $C=O$
Bno $\alpha$-hydrogen
Cat least one $\beta$-hydrogen
Dat least one $\alpha$-hydrogen
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. at least one $\alpha$-hydrogen
Aldol requires an enolisable $\alpha$-H so the base can remove it and form the enolate nucleophile. Without an $\alpha$-H, the carbonyl undergoes Cannizzaro instead.
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