alleryHaloalkanes are compounds derived from alkanes by
Areplacing one or more hydrogen atoms with halogen atoms
Badding $\mathrm{OH}$ groups to the chain
Cremoving the terminal carbon
Dconverting all C-H bonds to C-O bonds
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with halogen atoms
1. Your syllabus: a haloalkane (alkyl halide) is an alkane in which one or more H atoms have been replaced by HALOGEN atoms (F, Cl, Br, or I).
2. General formula for monohaloalkanes: $\mathrm{C_nH_{2n+1}X}$, where X is the halogen.
3. Examples: $\mathrm{CH_3Cl}$ (chloromethane), $\mathrm{CH_3CH_2Br}$ (bromoethane), $\mathrm{(CH_3)_3CCl}$ (tert-butyl chloride).
4. Distinct from haloarenes (where the halogen is attached to an aromatic ring — e.g. $\mathrm{C_6H_5Cl}$ chlorobenzene).
5. Options B (alcohols), C (chain shortening), D (over-oxidation) describe different transformations.
_Source: syllabus Chemistry Part 2, Ch 6 "Haloalkanes and Haloarenes", §6.1 (Classification), p. 1._
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