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In the Z-scheme, electrons removed from PS II are replenished by

ASplitting of water at the OEC site
BCyclic transfer back from PS I always
CNADPH oxidation at the stroma side
DATP hydrolysis at the membrane
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. Splitting of water at the OEC site
Oxygen-evolving complex (OEC, water-splitting) on the lumen side of PS II strips electrons from H2O, giving 4H+ + O2 per 2 water. These electrons replace the ones boosted out of P680 by photon absorption.
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