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Per NCERT §5.2.1, for an ISOTHERMAL IRREVERSIBLE expansion of an ideal gas at constant external pressure p_ex, the heat absorbed q equals which?
Aq = nRT log(V_f/V_i)
Bq = ΔH only
Cq = pV
Dq = −w = p_ex (V_f − V_i) (since ΔU = 0 at constant T for ideal gas)
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. q = −w = p_ex (V_f − V_i) (since ΔU = 0 at constant T for ideal gas)
Per NCERT §5.2.1, for ideal gas isothermal ΔU=0 ⇒ q = −w. Irreversible against constant p_ex: q = p_ex(V_f−V_i).
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