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Consider: 'Every student in the class scored above average. Therefore, the class average must be quite high.' Which is the BEST assessment?
AThe argument is valid
BThe argument is suspicious because if every student scored above average, that's mathematically impossible (the average IS the class) — and the conclusion does not follow either way
CThe argument is empirically sound
DThe argument illustrates modus ponens
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. The argument is suspicious because if every student scored above average, that's mathematically impossible (the average IS the class) — and the conclusion does not follow either way
The premise as stated is impossible: in any group, by definition, not everyone can be above THAT group's own mean. The author is likely confusing 'class average' with 'national / external average'. The argument's premise needs disambiguation before any conclusion can follow.
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