Premise 1: All bachelors are unmarried men. Premise 2: John is unmarried. Conclusion: John is a bachelor. Which BEST describes this argument?
AInvalid — the conclusion does not follow; John may be a child or otherwise not a 'man'
BSound and conclusive
CInductively strong
DValid because the premises are true
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. Invalid — the conclusion does not follow; John may be a child or otherwise not a 'man'
The argument affirms the consequent. P1 says 'bachelor → unmarried man'. From 'John is unmarried' we cannot validly infer 'bachelor' — John might be a woman or a minor. This is a classic deductive fallacy.
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