Per NCERT, what is AFFIRMATIVE ACTION designed to address?
ARandom allocation of opportunities with no consideration of history
BPreferential treatment of already-privileged groups
CCumulative effects of past inequalities — by giving extra support to groups historically disadvantaged by discrimination
DIdentical treatment of every citizen regardless of historical context
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. Cumulative effects of past inequalities — by giving extra support to groups historically disadvantaged by discrimination
NCERT defines affirmative action as corrective for historical disadvantage. The other options misstate or invert it.
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