Per NCERT Political Theory's framing in 'The Ideal of Freedom', what does the Hindi-Urdu word 'Swaraj' literally combine?
A'Swastik' (auspicious) and 'raj' (silver)
B'Svar' (sound) and 'aj' (born) — meaning born from sound
C'Swarg' (heaven) and 'aj' (eternal) — meaning eternal paradise
D'Swa' (self) and 'raj' (rule) — meaning self-rule, both political self-government and ethical self-mastery
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. 'Swa' (self) and 'raj' (rule) — meaning self-rule, both political self-government and ethical self-mastery
NCERT presents Swaraj as 'swa' (self) + 'raj' (rule), capturing both political freedom from external rule AND inner ethical self-mastery — the latter being Gandhi's emphasis. The other etymologies are invented.
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