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The degree of dissociation $\alpha$ of a weak electrolyte at a given concentration is related to its molar conductivity $\Lambda_m$ and limiting molar conductivity $\Lambda^\circ_m$ by:
A$\alpha = \Lambda_m \Lambda^\circ_m$
B$\alpha = \Lambda^\circ_m - \Lambda_m$
C$\alpha = \dfrac{\Lambda_m}{\Lambda^\circ_m}$
D$\alpha = \dfrac{\Lambda^\circ_m}{\Lambda_m}$
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. $\alpha = \dfrac{\Lambda_m}{\Lambda^\circ_m}$
At a finite concentration only a fraction $\alpha$ of the electrolyte dissociates, so $\Lambda_m = \alpha\,\Lambda^\circ_m$. This gives $\alpha = \Lambda_m / \Lambda^\circ_m$, an Arrhenius-style result used widely to estimate the dissociation constant of weak acids and bases via Ostwald's dilution law.
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