A wire of length $1\,\mathrm{m}$ is moving at a speed of $2\,\mathrm{ms}^{-1}$ perpendicular to its length and a homogeneous magnetic field of $0.5\,\mathrm{T}$. The ends of the wire are joined to a circuit of resistance $6\,\Omega$. The rate at which work is being done to keep the wire moving at constant speed is
A$\frac{1}{12}\,\mathrm{W}$
B$\frac{1}{6}\,\mathrm{W}$
C$\frac{1}{3}\,\mathrm{W}$
D$1\,\mathrm{W}$
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. $\frac{1}{6}\,\mathrm{W}$
The motional emf induced across the wire is
$$e = Blv$$
$$e = 0.5 \times 1 \times 2 = 1\,\mathrm{V}$$
So the current in the circuit is
$$I = \frac{e}{R}$$
$$I = \frac{1}{6}\,\mathrm{A}$$
The mechanical power needed to keep the wire moving at constant speed equals the electrical power developed:
$$P = eI$$
$$P = 1 \times \frac{1}{6} = \frac{1}{6}\,\mathrm{W}$$
This matches option $\mathrm{(B)}$.
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