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STAAR EOC Biology Biology — practice by topic

Browse 45 questions across 2 Biology topics. Choose what you want to revise, then open a question to check its answer and worked solution.

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Biology topics

Cell Reproduction (25)Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction (20)

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How is the genome of a prokaryote arranged inside the cell?Read the answer and worked solution →How does antibiotic resistance often spread through a colony of bacteria?Read the answer and worked solution →A human somatic cell carries 46 chromosomes. How are those 46 made up?Read the answer and worked solution →Human gametes carry a single set of chromosomes. What is that condition called?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

How is the genome of a prokaryote arranged inside the cell?

  1. As many linear double stranded molecules
  2. As one circular double stranded molecule
  3. As one linear single stranded molecule
  4. As many circular single stranded loops
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Correct answer: B. As one circular double stranded molecule

1. A genome is all of the DNA a cell carries. 2. In a prokaryote that DNA is one molecule, not several. 3. That single molecule is double stranded and closed into a loop or circle. 4. It sits in a region called the nucleoid rather than inside a nucleus. _Source: OpenStax Biology 1e (CC BY 4.0), Chs 10 and 11, section 10.1 Cell Division_

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How does antibiotic resistance often spread through a colony of bacteria?

  1. By the exchange of ribosomes
  2. By the exchange of nucleoids
  3. By the exchange of histones
  4. By the exchange of plasmids
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Correct answer: D. By the exchange of plasmids

1. Plasmids are small loops of DNA separate from the main bacterial chromosome. 2. Bacteria can pass these plasmids to other bacteria. 3. A plasmid can carry a useful gene, such as one giving antibiotic resistance. 4. The receiving cell gains the trait without dividing, so resistance spreads through the colony. _Source: OpenStax Biology 1e (CC BY 4.0), Chs 10 and 11, section 10.1 Cell Division_

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A human somatic cell carries 46 chromosomes. How are those 46 made up?

  1. 22 matched pairs plus two sex chromosomes
  2. 23 matched pairs and no sex chromosomes
  3. 46 matched pairs plus two sex chromosomes
  4. 11 matched pairs plus two sex chromosomes
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Correct answer: A. 22 matched pairs plus two sex chromosomes

1. The non sex chromosomes are the autosomes, and they come in matched pairs. 2. Humans have 22 such pairs, which is 44 chromosomes. 3. Adding the two sex chromosomes brings the total to 46. 4. Saying 23 matched pairs leaves out the fact that the sex chromosomes need not match. _Source: OpenStax Biology 1e (CC BY 4.0), Chs 10 and 11, section 10.1 Cell Division_

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