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SMLE (Saudi Medical Licensing) The Endocrine System — practice questions — page 2

Explore 42 free The Endocrine System questions in SMLE (Saudi Medical Licensing) Physiology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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The Endocrine System questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 31–42 of 42.

Which islet cell makes insulin, and roughly what share of the islet does it form?Read the answer and worked solution →Which pancreatic secretion blocks the release of both glucagon and insulin?Read the answer and worked solution →Between which two values is blood glucose concentration tightly maintained?Read the answer and worked solution →Insulin appears to act through which kind of receptor?Read the answer and worked solution →Which cells take up glucose without needing insulin at all?Read the answer and worked solution →The kidneys release erythropoietin in response to what?Read the answer and worked solution →From which embryonic tissue does the anterior pituitary gland arise?Read the answer and worked solution →Fill the endocrine bingo cardRead the answer and worked solution →Sort the pituitary hormonesRead the answer and worked solution →Merge hormones into their classRead the answer and worked solution →Build thyroid hormone in orderRead the answer and worked solution →Pick the bigger endocrine numberRead the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Which islet cell makes insulin, and roughly what share of the islet does it form?

  1. The alpha cell, about 75 percent
  2. The delta cell, about 20 percent
  3. The beta cell, about 75 percent
  4. The beta cell, about 20 percent
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Correct answer: C. The beta cell, about 75 percent

1. The pancreatic islets contain four cell varieties with different products. 2. The beta cell makes insulin and forms roughly 75 percent of each islet. 3. The alpha cell makes glucagon and forms about 20 percent. 4. Delta cells account for about four percent and PP cells for about one percent, so neither could be the insulin producer. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 17 "The Endocrine System", section 17.9 The Endocrine Pancreas_

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Which pancreatic secretion blocks the release of both glucagon and insulin?

  1. Pancreatic polypeptide from PP cells
  2. Glucagon from the alpha cells
  3. Insulin from the beta cells
  4. Somatostatin from delta cells
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Correct answer: D. Somatostatin from delta cells

1. Delta cells account for about four percent of islet cells and secrete the peptide hormone somatostatin. 2. Pancreatic somatostatin is an inhibiting hormone that blocks release of both glucagon and insulin. 3. The same molecule is released by the hypothalamus as growth hormone inhibiting hormone, and by the stomach and intestines. 4. Pancreatic polypeptide from PP cells is linked to appetite and to pancreatic secretion rather than to blocking these two hormones. 5. Insulin and glucagon are the hormones being blocked, so neither can be the blocker. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 17 "The Endocrine System", section 17.9 The Endocrine Pancreas_

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Between which two values is blood glucose concentration tightly maintained?

  1. 70 mg/dL and 110 mg/dL
  2. 40 mg/dL and 80 mg/dL
  3. 110 mg/dL and 140 mg/dL
  4. 20 mg/dL and 70 mg/dL
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Correct answer: A. 70 mg/dL and 110 mg/dL

1. Receptors in the pancreas sense blood glucose and the islets respond to keep it in a narrow band. 2. That band runs from 70 mg/dL to 110 mg/dL. 3. Above the band insulin is released and body cells pull glucose out of blood. 4. Below the band glucagon is released and body cells put glucose back into blood. 5. The lower ranges offered describe hypoglycaemia and the higher one describes sustained hyperglycaemia. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 17 "The Endocrine System", section 17.9 The Endocrine Pancreas_

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