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QCHP Medical Licensing Exam — free MCQ practice

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Which structure is known as the pacemaker of the heart?

  1. The sinoatrial node
  2. The atrioventricular node
  3. The bundle of His
  4. The Purkinje fibers
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Correct answer: A. The sinoatrial node

1. Normal cardiac rhythm is established by the sinoatrial node, a specialized clump of myocardial conducting cells. 2. The SA node has the highest inherent rate of depolarization, so it is known as the pacemaker of the heart. 3. The AV node and Purkinje fibers conduct more slowly and follow its lead. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 19 "The Cardiovascular System: The Heart", section 19.2 Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity_

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The atrioventricular bundle passes through which structure before dividing into branches?

  1. The interatrial septum
  2. The arch of the aorta
  3. The interventricular septum
  4. The coronary sinus
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Correct answer: C. The interventricular septum

1. Arising from the AV node, the atrioventricular bundle is also called the bundle of His. 2. It proceeds through the interventricular septum before dividing. 3. It then splits into the left and right bundle branches on their way to the apex. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 19 "The Cardiovascular System: The Heart", section 19.2 Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity_

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Which fibers finally spread the impulse to the myocardial contractile cells of the ventricles?

  1. Internodal pathways
  2. Chordae tendineae
  3. Trabecular fibers
  4. Purkinje fibers
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Correct answer: D. Purkinje fibers

1. The bundle branches descend to the apex and connect with the Purkinje fibers. 2. The Purkinje fibers are additional myocardial conductive fibers that spread the impulse to the contractile cells. 3. They have a fast inherent conduction rate, reaching the whole ventricle quickly. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 19 "The Cardiovascular System: The Heart", section 19.2 Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity_

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