**Hydroponics** is:
- Growing plants in liquid nutrient solution without soil
- Tissue culture
- Use of pesticides
- Selective breeding
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Correct answer: A. Growing plants in liquid nutrient solution without soil
**Hydroponics:** roots in aerated nutrient solution.
Used to study mineral requirements (Sachs, Knop).
Modern commercial use in greenhouses.
Allows precise nutrient control, faster growth, higher yields per unit area but requires careful pH/EC management.