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NEET PG The Respiratory System — practice questions — page 2

Explore 132 free The Respiratory System questions in NEET PG Physiology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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The Respiratory System questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 31–60 of 132.

Where does the respiratory zone of the lung begin?Read the answer and worked solution →What is an alveolar sac?Read the answer and worked solution →What is the function of the alveolar pores?Read the answer and worked solution →Which cells make up most of the alveolar surface area and are highly permeable to gases?Read the answer and worked solution →Pulmonary surfactant is secreted by which cells?Read the answer and worked solution →What is the role of the alveolar macrophage?Read the answer and worked solution →Pulmonary surfactant is composed of which materials?Read the answer and worked solution →Which two membranes together form the respiratory membrane?Read the answer and worked solution →In asthma, what does the term bronchospasm describe?Read the answer and worked solution →About how large is the epithelial surface area across which the lungs exchange gases?Read the answer and worked solution →How many lobes does each lung have?Read the answer and worked solution →The cardiac notch is found on which lung and why?Read the answer and worked solution →How does the right lung compare with the left in shape and volume?Read the answer and worked solution →What defines a bronchopulmonary segment?Read the answer and worked solution →What is an interlobular septum in the lung?Read the answer and worked solution →What is distinctive about the walls of the pulmonary capillary network?Read the answer and worked solution →Which autonomic effect on the airway is correct?Read the answer and worked solution →Which pleural layer connects to the thoracic wall, mediastinum and diaphragm?Read the answer and worked solution →Which cells secrete pleural fluid, and what does that fluid do?Read the answer and worked solution →How many toxic or carcinogenic compounds have been found in second-hand smoke?Read the answer and worked solution →By how much is lung cancer risk raised in a non-smoker who lives with someone who smokes indoors?Read the answer and worked solution →What is atmospheric pressure at sea level in millimetres of mercury?Read the answer and worked solution →In respiratory physiology, a pressure written as zero means what?Read the answer and worked solution →Roughly what value does intrapleural pressure hold throughout the breathing cycle?Read the answer and worked solution →Which factor is the primary determinant of airway resistance?Read the answer and worked solution →What would happen to the alveoli during expiration without pulmonary surfactant?Read the answer and worked solution →What does thoracic wall compliance measure?Read the answer and worked solution →Which two muscle groups act during normal quiet inspiration?Read the answer and worked solution →In which direction does the diaphragm move when it contracts?Read the answer and worked solution →What drives air out of the lungs during normal quiet expiration?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Where does the respiratory zone of the lung begin?

  1. Where the tertiary bronchus enters a lobule
  2. Where the trachea divides into two bronchi
  3. Where a terminal bronchiole meets a respiratory one
  4. Where alveolar sacs open into alveolar ducts
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Correct answer: C. Where a terminal bronchiole meets a respiratory one

1. The respiratory zone is defined by direct involvement in gas exchange. 2. It begins where terminal bronchioles join a respiratory bronchiole, the smallest type of bronchiole. 3. The respiratory bronchiole then leads to an alveolar duct opening into a cluster of alveoli. 4. The trachea and tertiary bronchi are conducting structures, so the first two options sit too high in the tree. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 22 "The Respiratory System", section 22.1 Organs and Structures of the Respiratory System_

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What is an alveolar sac?

  1. A tube of smooth muscle and connective tissue
  2. A pore that links two neighbouring alveoli
  3. A macrophage that patrols the alveolar wall
  4. A cluster of many individual alveoli
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Correct answer: D. A cluster of many individual alveoli

1. An alveolus is one small grape-like sac attached to an alveolar duct. 2. An alveolar sac is a cluster of many individual alveoli responsible for gas exchange. 3. So the fourth option is correct. 4. A tube of smooth muscle and connective tissue describes the alveolar duct instead, which is the first option's trap. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 22 "The Respiratory System", section 22.1 Organs and Structures of the Respiratory System_

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What is the function of the alveolar pores?

  1. They equalise air pressure between alveoli
  2. They drain surfactant into the bronchioles
  3. They let macrophages leave the alveolar wall
  4. They carry blood between adjacent capillaries
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Correct answer: A. They equalise air pressure between alveoli

1. Alveoli are connected to their neighbours by alveolar pores. 2. These pores help maintain equal air pressure throughout the alveoli and the lung. 3. So the first option is correct. 4. Blood does not pass through alveolar pores, since blood stays inside the pulmonary capillary network, ruling out the fourth option. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 22 "The Respiratory System", section 22.1 Organs and Structures of the Respiratory System_

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