Negative liberty, in Isaiah Berlin's framework, means:
- freedom from material need
- self-mastery and rational autonomy
- collective freedom of a nation
- absence of external constraints on action
Show answer and solution
Correct answer: D. absence of external constraints on action
1. Berlin distinguishes negative from positive liberty in his 1958 essay.
2. Negative liberty = freedom FROM interference (Hobbes, Bentham, Mill).
3. Positive liberty = freedom TO self-realisation (Rousseau, Hegel, Marx).
__Source: syllabus Political Theory Ch 2 — negative and positive freedom__