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DSSSB TGT Chemistry — practice by topic

Browse 270 questions across 50 Chemistry topics. Choose what you want to revise, then open a question to check its answer and worked solution.

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Who first proposed in ancient India that matter is made of indivisible particles called parmanus?Read the answer and worked solution →Cathode rays, discovered by J.J. Thomson in 1897, are streams of:Read the answer and worked solution →The gold foil experiment of Geiger and Marsden (under Rutherford, 1911) used what particles to bombard the foil?Read the answer and worked solution →In Rutherford's planetary model, the nucleus is approximately how much smaller than the atom?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Who first proposed in ancient India that matter is made of indivisible particles called parmanus?

  1. Sushruta
  2. Acharya Kanada
  3. Aryabhata
  4. Charaka
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Correct answer: B. Acharya Kanada

Acharya Kanada (~6th century BCE) proposed in his Vaisesika Sutras that if matter (dravya) is repeatedly divided, you reach the smallest indivisible particles — parmanus. This was one of the earliest atomistic theories, paralleling Greek thinkers Leucippus and Democritus.

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Cathode rays, discovered by J.J. Thomson in 1897, are streams of:

  1. Negatively charged particles (later called electrons)
  2. Light photons
  3. Positive particles
  4. Neutral atoms
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Correct answer: A. Negatively charged particles (later called electrons)

Thomson found that cathode rays deflect toward the positive plate in an electric field — meaning they carry NEGATIVE charge. They have a much smaller mass than any atom. These particles are called electrons. Their discovery proved that atoms have internal structure.

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The gold foil experiment of Geiger and Marsden (under Rutherford, 1911) used what particles to bombard the foil?

  1. Gamma rays
  2. Neutrons
  3. Beta particles
  4. Alpha particles
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Correct answer: D. Alpha particles

Geiger and Marsden aimed alpha particles (helium-4 nuclei, He²⁺) at a thin gold foil. Most passed through, a few were deflected at large angles, and a very small fraction bounced back almost directly. This pattern was inconsistent with Thomson's plum-pudding model.

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