DHA Nursing Licensing Exam Safety and Infection Control — practice by topic

1. The founding principle covers all blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions, plus nonintact skin and mucous membranes. 2. Sweat is the single substance excluded from that list. 3. Saliva, urine and tears are secretions or excretions, so all three stay inside the list and are handled as potentially infectious. 4. Treating sweat as the exception does not relax hand hygiene, which is performed for patient contact regardless. _Source: CDC Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings (2007), Part III, section III.A. Standard Precautions_

1. Transmission-Based Precautions come in exactly three categories: Contact, Droplet and Airborne. 2. Universal Precautions is an older scheme whose features were folded into Standard Precautions, so it is not a category here. 3. A Protective Environment protects a severely immunocompromised patient from the surroundings, which is the opposite purpose. 4. Reverse Precautions is not a category in this scheme. _Source: CDC Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings (2007), Part III, section III.B. Transmission-Based Precautions_

1. Airborne Precautions cover agents that stay infectious over long distances while suspended in air. 2. Rubeola virus for measles, varicella virus for chickenpox and M. tuberculosis are named in that group. 3. Influenza virus, adenovirus and rhinovirus are named under Droplet Precautions instead. 4. Norovirus, C. difficile and VRE contaminate the environment and drive Contact Precautions, as does heavy wound drainage. _Source: CDC Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings (2007), Part III, section III.B.3. Airborne precautions_