What is the role of organic matter in soil?
- Reserving nutrients and so giving fertility
- Accelerating the breakdown of organic matter
- Improving the water infiltration rate
- Converting soil nitrogen into nitrate
Show answer and solution
Correct answer: A. Reserving nutrients and so giving fertility
1. Organic matter is decayed plant and animal material held in the soil.
2. It stores plant nutrients and releases them gradually, which is what makes a soil fertile.
3. Water infiltration depends on soil porosity, a physical property, rather than on organic matter.
4. Breaking down organic matter is the work of soil micro-organisms, so that option swaps the roles round.
5. Converting nitrogen to nitrate is nitrification, carried out by bacteria and not driven by organic matter itself.
_Source: NECTA CSEE 2021 Chemistry 032, Question 1: Multiple Choice, item (viii)_