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A-Levels Chemistry — practice by topic

Browse 30 questions across 3 Chemistry topics. Choose what you want to revise, then open a question to check its answer and worked solution.

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Chemistry topics

Chemical Bonding (30)Chemistry (30)Physical Chemistry (30)

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Sodium hands an electron to chlorine and the two ions then cling together. What holds them is an:Read the answer and worked solution →A calcium atom loses both valence electrons. The particle left behind carries a positive charge and is called a:Read the answer and worked solution →Two chlorine atoms pull on electrons with exactly equal strength, so neither wins the pair outright. The bond between them is:Read the answer and worked solution →Hydrogen bonds to fluorine, which drags the shared electrons much closer to itself. The property that decides this tug of war is:Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Sodium hands an electron to chlorine and the two ions then cling together. What holds them is an:

  1. Ionic bond
  2. Idle bond
  3. Inert bond
  4. Isotope bond
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Correct answer: A. Ionic bond

1. Once the electron moves across, sodium is left positive and chlorine negative. 2. Opposite charges attract, and that electrostatic pull is the whole bond. 3. A bond made of that attraction between a cation and an anion is an ionic bond. _Source: OpenStax Chemistry 2e, Chapter 7, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Geometry._

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A calcium atom loses both valence electrons. The particle left behind carries a positive charge and is called a:

  1. Anion
  2. Cation
  3. Neutron
  4. Isotope
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Correct answer: B. Cation

1. Electrons are negative, so losing two leaves two positive charges unbalanced. 2. A particle with net positive charge is named for moving toward the cathode. 3. It is a cation, here Ca with a 2+ charge. _Source: OpenStax Chemistry 2e, Chapter 7, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Geometry._

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Two chlorine atoms pull on electrons with exactly equal strength, so neither wins the pair outright. The bond between them is:

  1. Pure covalent
  2. Hydrogen bond
  3. Ionic bonding
  4. Metal bonding
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Correct answer: A. Pure covalent

1. Both atoms are identical, so their pull on the shared pair is identical. 2. The electrons therefore sit equally near each nucleus rather than shifting. 3. That equal sharing makes it a pure covalent bond. _Source: OpenStax Chemistry 2e, Chapter 7, Chemical Bonding and Molecular Geometry._

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