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How many INDEPENDENT elastic constants describe a TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC material (one preferred axis, isotropic in the plane perpendicular)?
A{'text': '21', 'label': 'D'}
B{'text': '5 — E_axial, E_transverse, ν_axial-transverse, G_axial-transverse, and either G_transverse or ν_in-plane', 'label': 'B'}
C{'text': '9', 'label': 'C'}
D{'text': '3', 'label': 'A'}
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. {'text': '5 — E_axial, E_transverse, ν_axial-transverse, G_axial-transverse, and either G_transverse or ν_in-plane', 'label': 'B'}
Transverse isotropy (e.g., fiber-reinforced laminae) has full rotational symmetry about the fiber axis. The 9 orthotropic constants reduce to 5: E_∥, E_⊥, ν_∥⊥, G_∥⊥, and either G_⊥⊥ or ν_⊥⊥ (the in-plane constants are linked by 2G = E/(1+ν)).
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