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Comparing a p-value of 0.0187 with a 2.5 percent significance level, the decision is to:
AReject the null hypothesis
BDecline to reject the null
CRaise the significance level
DCollect no further data
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. Reject the null hypothesis
1. The rule compares the p-value with the chosen significance level.
2. The calculator gives a p-value of 0.0187 for the worked case.
3. A 2.5 percent level of significance corresponds to 0.025.
4. Since 0.0187 is smaller than 0.025, the evidence clears the bar and the null is rejected.
5. Had the p-value been larger than the level, the null would have stood.
_Source: OpenStax Introductory Statistics 2e (CC BY 4.0), Ch 9 'Hypothesis Testing with One Sample', sections 9.1-9.6_
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