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Writing the alternative hypothesis as the population mean being less than 16.43 makes the test:
AWholly undefined
BOne-sided test
CTwo-sided test
DNon-directional
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. One-sided test
1. The form of the alternative sets which tail of the distribution matters.
2. A statement that the mean is less than 16.43 is the alternative hypothesis in one worked case.
3. It points in a single direction, so only the lower tail counts as evidence against the null.
4. A two-sided alternative would use a not-equal-to statement instead.
_Source: OpenStax Introductory Statistics 2e (CC BY 4.0), Ch 9 'Hypothesis Testing with One Sample', sections 9.1-9.6_
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