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When naming an alcohol from its parent hydrocarbon (e.g. pentane becoming pentanol), what change is made to the name?
AThe prefix "hydroxy-" is added to the front
BThe final -e is replaced by -ol
CThe final -e is replaced by -al
DThe suffix "-ane" is replaced by "-one"
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. The final -e is replaced by -ol
1. Alcohols are named systematically by modifying the name of the parent hydrocarbon chain.
2. The text states: "The name of an alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it was derived. The final -e in the name of the hydrocarbon is replaced by -ol."
3. "-al" is the aldehyde suffix and "-one" is the ketone suffix -- both name different functional groups, not alcohols.
4. So an alcohol's name is formed by swapping the parent hydrocarbon's final -e for -ol, as in pentane becoming pentanol.
_Source: OpenStax Chemistry Ch 20 "Organic Chemistry", p.1118 §20.2 Alcohols and Ethers_
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