Article 16(4) provides for reservation in appointments. In Indra Sawhney v. Union of India, AIR 1993 SC 477, the Supreme Court held that:
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C.
1. The nine-Judge Bench in Indra Sawhney (Mandal Commission case) held that the total reservation under Articles 15(4) and 16(4) should not ordinarily exceed fifty per cent.
2. In extraordinary circumstances, the cap may be relaxed (e.g. for remote tribal regions).
3. The Court excluded 'creamy layer' from OBC reservation but did not extend that bar to SC/ST in this case.
4. Reservation in promotions for SC/ST was later read into Article 16(4-A) by the 77th Amendment, 1995.
_Source: Constitution of India (Bare Act, updated to 105th Amendment Act 2021), Govt. of India Legislative Dept., Indra Sawhney v. Union of India, AIR 1993 SC 477_
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