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Read these lines: "Birds build nests and migrate as winter approaches. Infants suckle at their mother's breast. Salmon swim upstream to spawn, and spiders spin intricate webs. They all are unlearned behaviors. Both instincts and reflexes are innate behaviors that organisms are born with." As used in the quoted lines, the word "innate" most nearly means
Apicked up by copying other animals
Btoo difficult to observe directly
Cpresent in an animal from its birth
Dshared between only a few species
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. present in an animal from its birth
1. The quoted lines call all the listed behaviors unlearned.
2. They then say innate behaviors are ones that organisms are born with, so the word is defined right beside its use.
3. Present in an animal from its birth matches that meaning, option C.
4. Picked up by copying other animals is the opposite of unlearned, so option A cannot be right.
_Source: OpenStax Psychology 1e (CC BY 4.0), Ch 6 "Learning", section 6.1 What Is Learning?_
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