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In the same X-ray tube, an electron of charge -1.602 x 10^-19 C starts at rest at the source and crosses the 0.10 m gap in a field of E = -100 x 10^3 N/C. Using K_f = qE(x_f - x_i), what kinetic energy does the electron gain?
A1.6 x 10^-15 J
B-1.6 x 10^-15 J
C1.6 x 10^-14 J
D1.6 x 10^-19 J
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. 1.6 x 10^-15 J
1. Conservation of energy gives K_f = qE(x_f - x_i) for an electron starting at rest.
2. Substitute the charge and field, both negative: K_f = (-1.602 x 10^-19 C)(-100 x 10^3 N/C)(0.10 m - 0).
3. The two negative signs multiply to give a positive result: K_f = 1.602 x 10^-15 J.
4. Kinetic energy must come out positive for a real accelerating charge, so option B, which keeps a negative sign, must be wrong; forgetting that both q and E are negative here is the trap.
_Source: OpenStax Physics (CC BY 4.0), Ch 18 "Static Electricity", section 18.4 Electric Potential_
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