For a toss of 5 coins, how many total macrostates are possible when counting only by total heads and tails, and how many total microstates are there when every individual head-tail sequence is counted?

1. The possible macrostates for 5 coins run from 5 heads and 0 tails down to 0 heads and 5 tails, one macrostate for each possible head count from 0 through 5. 2. Counting these gives exactly 6 macrostates, exactly as given. 3. Each coin can independently land heads or tails, so the total number of individual sequences, or microstates, is 2 multiplied by itself 5 times, which is 32. 4. Options A and B both give 25 microstates, which would be 5 squared rather than 2 raised to the 5th power, so neither matches the correct count. 5. Option D pairs the correct microstate count with the wrong macrostate count of 5 instead of 6. _Source: OpenStax College Physics (CC BY 4.0), Ch 15 "Thermodynamics", section 15.7 Statistical Interpretation of Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics: The Underlying Explanation_