Living organisms evolve into highly structured forms, meaning their entropy is much lower than that of the simpler substances they grow from. According to the source, how can this local decrease in entropy happen without violating the second law of thermodynamics?

1. The second law requires only that the total entropy of the universe, system plus environment, never decreases. 2. It remains possible for the entropy of one part of the universe, such as a living organism, to decrease, provided the total change in entropy of the universe increases overall. 3. For this to happen, the environment's entropy must increase by more than the organism's entropy decreases, so the combined total is still positive. 4. This rules out option B's claim that the organism's own change must be exactly zero, since the source explicitly allows it to be negative. 5. The second law is a general principle that the source applies directly to biological evolution rather than exempting it, and it does not claim the surroundings lose no entropy at all, ruling out options A and C. _Source: OpenStax College Physics (CC BY 4.0), Ch 15 "Thermodynamics", section 15.6 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Disorder and the Unavailability of Energy_