A gas undergoes a cyclical process, returning to its starting point on a pressure versus volume diagram and tracing out a closed loop. In which direction must the loop be traversed for the net work done to be positive, according to the source?
AClockwise, giving a net work output
BCounter-clockwise, giving a net work output
CEither direction, since sign does not matter here
DNeither direction produces any net work at all
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. Clockwise, giving a net work output
1. In a cyclical process, the total work done by the system equals the area enclosed by the loop on a pressure-volume diagram.
2. The source specifies that this area counts as positive work, meaning a net work output, only when the loop is traversed clockwise.
3. A counter-clockwise loop instead corresponds to negative work, meaning work is done on the system rather than by it, ruling out option B.
4. Since the direction changes the sign of the result, direction clearly does matter, and a closed loop that encloses area is not equivalent to zero work, ruling out options C and D.
_Source: OpenStax College Physics (CC BY 4.0), Ch 15 "Thermodynamics", section 15.2 The First Law of Thermodynamics and Some Simple Processes_
Related questions
A perfect crystal at 0 K has W equal to 1, which makes its entropy:Boltzmann's model related the entropy of a system to which quantity?An endothermic process that involves an increase in system entropy is spontaneous when temA process whose enthalpy and entropy changes share the same arithmetic sign will show:At minus 10.00 degrees Celsius the entropy change of the universe for melting is negative,Melting is described as spontaneous at 10.00 degrees Celsius because at that temperature:Free energy is described as the energy available to do useful work, being the difference bBesides indicating spontaneity, the free energy change gives information about the amount