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Barium hydroxide solution is neutralized by nitric acid. Which balanced equation is correct?
ABa(OH)2 + HNO3 gives BaNO3 + H2O
BBa(OH)2 + 2HNO3 gives BaO + 2H2O
CBa(OH)2 + HNO3 gives Ba(NO3)2 + H2O
DBa(OH)2 + 2HNO3 gives Ba(NO3)2 + 2H2O
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. Ba(OH)2 + 2HNO3 gives Ba(NO3)2 + 2H2O
1. In neutralization the products are water and a salt.
2. The salt takes the cation from the hydroxide, Ba2+, and the anion left by the acid, NO3-.
3. Balancing charge gives the salt formula Ba(NO3)2, not BaNO3.
4. Two nitrate ions are needed, so 2 HNO3 must react.
5. The 2 OH groups and the 2 H atoms then form 2 H2O.
6. So the equation is Ba(OH)2 + 2HNO3 giving Ba(NO3)2 + 2H2O.
7. Option B wrongly keeps barium as an oxide instead of forming the nitrate salt.
_Source: OpenStax Chemistry (CC BY 4.0), Ch 4 "Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions", section 4.2 Classifying Chemical Reactions_
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