Which proposition about the **presumption of innocence** correctly cap…

Question

Which proposition about the **presumption of innocence** correctly captures the rule stated in Lesson 9?

Accepted Answer

C. {'text': 'The accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty, and the prosecution must prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt', 'label': 'C'}

1. Lesson 9 says: "There is a presumption of innocence in favour of any person accused of committing any crime."
2. The lesson adds: "to rebut it, the prosecution must prove it beyond reasonable doubts that the crime was committed by the accused".
3. The lesson concludes that if the accused merely introduces "any doubt in the case of the prosecution" he will not be held guilty.
4. The presumption does not shift with the FIR and is not confined to bailable offences — it is a constitutional safeguard for every accused.
_Source: ICSI CS Executive Paper 1 — Jurisprudence, Interpretation & General Laws, Lesson 9 (Indian Penal Code, 1860), pp. 205-224._

Answer

{'text': 'The accused must affirmatively prove innocence on a balance of probabilities once charged with the offence', 'label': 'A'}

Answer

{'text': 'The presumption shifts to the accused as soon as the FIR is registered against him at the local police station', 'label': 'B'}

Answer

{'text': 'The presumption of innocence applies only when the offence is bailable and is lost the moment the offence is non-bailable', 'label': 'D'}