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Pure copper for electrical use is produced INDUSTRIALLY using electroplating in reverse, called 'electrorefining'. A thin plate of pure copper (cathode) and a thick rod of impure copper (anode) are placed in copper sulphate solution. What happens?

APure copper from the cathode dissolves into the solution
BOnly the impurities are deposited on the cathode
CCopper from the impure rod dissolves into the solution and pure copper is deposited on the cathode; impurities sink to the bottom or stay in solution
DBoth electrodes thicken equally
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. Copper from the impure rod dissolves into the solution and pure copper is deposited on the cathode; impurities sink to the bottom or stay in solution
At the impure anode, copper atoms (along with reactive impurities) go into solution. Cu²⁺ ions are then attracted to the cathode and deposit as ultra-pure copper. Non-copper impurities either remain dissolved or settle as 'anode sludge' (which is itself valuable — gold and silver are often recovered from it). This is the standard industrial purification of copper.
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