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Two events $E$ and $F$ are **independent** with $P(E) = 0.3$ and $P(F) = 0.5$. What is $P(E \text{ and } F)$?

A$0.15$
B$0.20$
C$0.65$
D$0.80$
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. $0.15$
For independent events: $P(E \text{ and } F) = P(E) \cdot P(F) = 0.3 \cdot 0.5 = 0.15$. - Trap D ($0.80 = P(E) + P(F)$) confuses *and* with *or*. - Trap C is $P(E \text{ or } F) = 0.3 + 0.5 - 0.15 = 0.65$ (also a valid quantity but not what was asked).
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