An ELECTRIC DIPOLE consists of charges $+q$ and $-q$ separated by a small displacement $2a$. The dipole moment $\vec{p}$ is defined as

1. NCERT §1.8 defines the electric dipole moment. 2. MAGNITUDE: charge times the separation distance — $p = q \times 2a$. (Note: it's the FULL separation $2a$, not the half-distance $a$.) 3. DIRECTION: by physics convention, $\vec{p}$ points from the NEGATIVE charge to the POSITIVE charge. 4. So $\vec{p}$ has magnitude $2qa$ and points from $-q$ to $+q$. 5. Option A has both magnitude AND direction wrong. Option C is dimensionally and physically incorrect. Option D has units of charge·length², not charge·length. 6. (Some chemistry textbooks place $\vec{p}$ in the OPPOSITE convention, $+q$ to $-q$ — but in physics, the standard NCERT convention is $-q$ to $+q$.) _Source: NCERT Class 12 Physics Part 1, Ch 1, §1.8 (Electric Dipole — definition), p. 22._